This issue is usually caused by the way you’ve configured your display settings. So, to resolve it, you could start by enabling the “show desktop background image” option. Here are the steps for enabling the desktop wallpaper: Press Win + I to open the System Settings.
Why did my desktop background suddenly turn black?
This can happen if Windows keeps refreshing for some reason, and in most cases, the cause for this are the background processes, so be sure to disable them. Few users reported that desktop icons are flashing, so disabling them might be a decent workaround that you could try.
Why is my screen background black instead of white?
If you have a newer version of Windows 10, open Settings (Windows + I on your keyboard), and go to Ease of Access. On the left column, choose Color filters. On the right, you see the color filters that are available in Windows 10: Inverted – reverses the colors and turns most app backgrounds to black.